Publications
Barreat J-G, Katzourakis A. (2021) Phylogenomics of the Maverick virus-like mobile genetic elements of vertebrates. Molecular Biology and Evolution msaa291
Skirmuntt E, Escalera-Zamudio M, Teeling EC, Smith A, Katzourakis A. (2020) The potential role of endogenous viral elements in the evolution of bats as reservoirs for zoonotic viruses. Annual Review of Virology 7:103-119
Okell LC, Verity R, Katzourakis, A, Volz EM, Watson OJ, Mishra S, Walker P, Whittaker C, Donnelly CA, Riley S, Gandy A, Flaxman S, Ferguson NM, Bhatt S. (2020) Host or pathogen-related factors in COVID-19 severity?–Authors' reply. Lancet 396(10260):e110-e111
Kist, NC; Lambert B; Campbell S, Katzourakis A, Lunn D, Lemey P, Iversen AKN. (2020) HIV-1 p24Gag adaptation to modern and archaic HLA-allele frequency differences in ethnic groups contributes to viral subtype diversification. Virus Evolution 6(2):veaa085
Okell LC, Verity R, Watson OJ, Mishra S, Walker P, Whittaker C, Katzourakis, A, Donnelly CA, Riley S, Ghani AC, Gandy A, Flaxman S, Ferguson NM, Bhatt S. (2020) Have deaths from COVID-19 in Europe plateaued due to herd immunity? Lancet 395(10241):1397
Jebb D, Huang Z, Pippel M, Hughes GM, Lavrichenko K, Devanna P, Winkler Sylke, Jermiin LS, Skirmuntt EC, Katzourakis A, et al (2020) Six reference-quality genomes reveal evolution of bat adaptations. Nature 583(7817):578-584
Aiewsakun P, Richard L, Gessain A, Mouinga-Ondémé A, Vicente Afonso P, Katzourakis A. (2019) Modular nature of simian foamy virus genomes and their evolutionary history. Virus Evolution 5(2):vez032
Aiewsakun P, Simmonds P, Katzourakis A. (2019) The first co-opted endogenous foamy virus and the evolutionary history of reptilian foamy viruses. Viruses 11 (7):641
Skirmuntt E, Katzourakis A. (2019) The evolution of endogenous retroviral envelope genes in bats and their contribution to host biology. Virus Research Jul 1:197645
Gemmell P, Hein J, Katzourakis A. (2019) The exaptation of HERV-H: evolutionary analyses reveal the genomic features of highly transcribed elements. Frontiers in Immunology 10:1339
Simmonds P, Aiewsakun P, Katzourakis A. (2019) Reply to 'Evolutionary stasis of viruses?' Nature Reviews Microbiology 17(5):329-330
Hurst TP, Aswad A, Karamitros T, Katzourakis A, Smith AL, Magiorkinis G. (2019) Inferferon-inducible protein 16 (IFI16) has a broad-spectrum binding ability against ssDNA targets: an evolutionary hypothesis for antiretroviral checkpoint. Frontiers in Microbiology 10:1426
Simmonds P, Aiewsakun P, Katzourakis A. (2019) Prisoners of war - host adaptation and its constraints on virus evolution. Nature Reviews Microbiology 17(5):321-328
Karamitros T, Hurst T, Marchi E, Karamichali E, Georgopoulou U, Mentis A, Riepsaame J, Lin A, Paraskevis D, Hatzakis A, McLauchlan J, Katzourakis A, Magiorkinis G. (2018) Human Endogenous Retrovirus-K HML-2 integration within RASGRF2 is associated with intravenous drug abuse and modulates transcription in a cell-line model. PNAS 115(41):10434-10439
Aswad A, Katzourakis A. (2018) Cell-derived viral genes evolve under stronger purifying selection in rhadinoviruses. Journal of Virology 92(19):e00359-18
Zepeda Mendoza ML, Xiong Z, Escalera-Zamudio M, Runge AK, Thézé J, Streicker D, Frank HK, Loza-Rubio E, Liu S, Ryder OA, Samaniego Castruita JA, Katzourakis A, Pacheco G, Taboada B, Löber U, Pybus OG, Li Y, Rojas-Anaya E, Bohmann K, Carmona Baez A, Arias CF, Liu S, Greenwood AD, Bertelsen MF, White NE, Bunce M, Zhang G, Sicheritz-Pontén T, Gilbert MPT. (2018) Hologenomic adaptations underlying the evolution of sanguivory in the common vampire bat. Nature Ecology & Evolution 2(4):659-668
Vasylyeva TI, Liulchuk M, Friedman SR, Sazonova I, Faria NR, Katzourakis A, Babii N, Scherbinska A, Thézé J, Pybus OG, Smyrnov P, Mbisa JL, Paraskevis D, Hatzakis A, Magiorkinis G. (2018) Molecular epidemiology reveals the role of war in the spread of HIV in Ukraine. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 115(5):1051-1056
Katzourakis A. (2017) Editorial Overview: Paleovirology: the genomic fossil record, and consequences of ancient viral infections 25: ix-xi
Aswad A, Katzourakis A. (2017) A novel viral lineage distantly related to herpesviruses discovered within fish genome sequence data. Virus Evolution 3(2):vex016
Magiorkinis G, Katzourakis A, Lagiou P. (2017) Roles of endogenous retroviruses in early life events. Trends in Microbiology 25(11): 876-877
Santander CG, Gambron P, Marchi E, Karamitros T, Katzourakis A, Magiorkinis G. (2017) STEAK: A specific tool for transposable elements and retrovirus detection in high-throughput sequencing data. Virus Evolution 3(2): vex023
Campbell S, Aswad A, Katzourakis A. (2017) Disentangling the origins of virophages and polintons. Current Opinion in Virology 25:59-65
Aiewsakun P, Katzourakis A. (2017) Marine origin of retroviruses in the early paleozoic era. Nature Communications 8:13954
Aiewsakun P, Katzourakis A. (2016) Time-dependent rate phenomenon in viruses. Journal of Virology 90(16):7184-95
Gemmell P, Hein J, Katzourakis A. (2016) Phylogenetic analysis reveals that ERVs “die young” but HERV-H is unusually conserved. PLoS Computational Biology 12(6):e1004964
Katzourakis A, Aswad A. (2016) Evolution: Endogenous viruses provide shortcuts in antiviral immunity. Current Biology 26(10):R427-9
Karamitros T, Paraskevis D, Hatzakis, A, Psichogiou M, Elefsiniotis I, Hurst T, Gerretti AM, Beloukas A, Frater J, Klenerman P, Katzourakis A, Magiorkinis G. (2016) A contaminant-free assessment of endogenous retroviral RNA in human plasma. Scientific Reports 6:33598
Vasylyeva TI, Friedman SR, Lourenco J, Gupta S, Hatzakis A, Pybus OG, Katzourakis A, Smyrnov P, Karamitros T, Paraskevis D, Magiorkinis G. (2016) Reducing HIV infection in people who inject drugs is impossible without targeting recently-infected subjects. AIDS 30(18):2885-2890
Karamitros T, Harrison I, Piorkowska R, Katzourakis A, Magiorkinis G, Mbisa JL. (2016) De Novo assembly of human herpes virus type 1 (HHV-1) genome, mining of non-canonical structures and detection of novel drug-resistance mutations using short- and long-read next generation sequencing technologies. PLoS ONE 11(6):e0157600
Magiorkinis G, Angelis K, Mamais I, Katzourakis A, et al [50 authors in total]. (2016) The global spread of HIV-1 subtype B epidemic. Infection Genetics and evolution S1567-1348(16)30223-4
Hurst T, Pace M, Katzourakis A, Phillips R, Klenerman P, Frater J, Magiorkinis G. (2016) Human endogenous retrovirus (HERV) exptression is not induced by treatment with the histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors in cellular models of HIV-1 latency. Retrovirology 13:10
Aswad A, Katzourakis A. (2016) Paleovirology: The study of endogenous viral elements. Book chapter in ‘Virus Evolution’ (SC Weaver, MR Denison, M Roossinck M Vignuzzi eds), Horizon press
Mourikis A, Aswad A, Katzourakis A. (2016) Endogenous retroviruses and coevolution. Book chapter in ‘Encyclopedia of evolutionary biology’ (R Kliman eds), Elsevier
Aswad A, Katzourakis A. (2015) Convergent capture of retroviral superantigens by mammalian herpesviruses. Nature Communications 6:8299. (Covered in News & Analysis article in Nature Reviews Microbiology by Astrid Gall).
Hayward A, Katzourakis A. (2015) Quick guide: Endogenous retroviruses. Current Biology 15:R644-R646
Aiewsakun P, Katzourakis A. (2015) Time dependency of foamy virus evolutionary rate estimates. BMC Evolutionary Biology 15:119
Gemmell P, Hein J, Katzourakis A. (2015) Orthologous endogenous retroviruses exhibit directional selection since the chimp-human split. Retrovirology 13:243
Aiewsakun P, Katzourakis A, (2015) Endogenous viruses: connecting recent and ancient viral evolution. Virology 479-480:26-37
Ghersi BM, Jia H, Aiewsakun P, Katzourakis A, Mendoza P, Bausch DG, Kasper MR, Montgomery JM, Switzer WM. (2015). Wide distribution and ancient evolutionary history of simian foamy viruses in New World primates. Retrovirology 12:89
Chang C-H, Kist NC, Stuart Chester TL, Sreenu VB, Herman M, Luo M, Lunn D, Bell J, Plummer FA, Blake Ball T, Katzourakis A, Iversen AK. (2015) HIV-infected sex workers with beneficial HLA-variants are potential hubs for selection of HIV-1 recombinants that may affect disease progression. Scientific Reports 5:11253
Aswad A, Katzourakis A. (2014) The first endogenous herpesvirus, identified in the tarsier genome, and novel sequences from primate rhadinoviruses and lymphocryptoviruses. PLoS Genetics 10:e1004332
Katzourakis A, Aiewsakun P, Jia H, Wolfe N, LeBreton M, Yoder A, Switzer WM. (2014) Discovery of prosimian and afrotherian foamy viruses reveals rare host switching amidst stable and ancient mammalian co-evolution. Retrovirology 11:61
Katzourakis A, Magiorkinis G, Lim A, Gupta S, Belshaw R, Gifford RJ. (2014) Larger mammalian body size leads to lower retroviral activity. PLoS Pathogens 10:e1004214 (covered by Science and Scientific American)
Katzourakis A, Aswad A (2014) The origins of giant viruses, virophages and their relatives in host genomes. BMC Biology 12:51
Gemmell P, Hein J, Katzourakis A. (2013) Sex-specific aspects of endogenous retroviral insertion and deletion. BMC Evolutionary Biology 13:243
Katzourakis A. (2013) Paleovirology: inferring viral evolution from host genome sequence data. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society Series B 368:20120493
Magiorkinis G, Belshaw R, Katzourakis A. (2013) ‘There and back again’: revisiting the pathophysiological roles of human endogenous retroviruses in the post-genomic era. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society Series B 368:20120504
Aswad A, Katzourakis A. (2012) Paleovirology and virally derived immunity. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 27:627-36
Magiorkinis G, Gifford R, Katzourakis A, et al. (2012) Env-less endogenous retroviruses are genomic superspreaders. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 109:7385-90
Katzourakis A, Hué S, Kellam P, Towers GJ. (2011) Phylogenetic analysis of murine leukemia virus sequences from longitudinally sampled chronic fatigue syndrome patients suggests PCR contamination rather than viral evolution. Journal of Virology 85:10909-13
English S, Katzourakis A, Bonsall D, et al. (2011) Phylogenetic analysis consistent with a clinical history of sexual transmission of HIV-1 from a single donor reveals transmission of highly distinct variants. Retrovirology 8:54
Gray RR, Parker J, Lemey P, Salemi M, Katzourakis A, Pybus OG. (2011) The mode and tempo of hepatitis C virus evolution within and among hosts. BMC Evolutionary Biology 11:131
Katzourakis A, Gifford RJ. (2010) Endogenous viral elements in animal genomes. PLoS Genetics 6:e1001191. (Associated commentary in PLoS Genetics by Welkin Johnson)
Hué S, Gray ER, Gall A, Katzourakis A, et al. (2010) Disease-associated XMRV sequences are consistent with laboratory contamination. Retrovirology 7:111
Huang KH, Bonsall D, Katzourakis A, et al. (2010) B-cell depletion reveals a role for antibodies in the control of chronic HIV-1 infection. Nature Communications 1:102
Goldstone DC, Yap MW, Robertson LE, Haire LF, Taylor WR, Katzourakis A, Stoye JP, Taylor IA. (2010) Structural and functional analysis of prehistoric lentiviruses uncovers an ancient molecular interface. Cell Host Microbe 8:248-59
Bhatt S, Katzourakis A, Pybus OG. (2010) Detecting natural selection in RNA virus populations using sequence summary statistics. Infection Genetics & Evolution 10:421-30
Katzourakis A, Gifford, RJ, Tristem M, Gilbert MTP, Pybus OG. (2009) Macroevolution of complex retroviruses. Science 325:1512.
Huang K-H, Goedhals, D, Fryer, H, van Vuuren, C., Katzourakis, A., De Oliveira, T., Cassol, S., Seebregts, C., McLean, A. R., Klenerman, P., Phillips, R. E., Frater, J. (2009). Low CD4 cell counts are associated with pre-therapy HIV drug resistance. Antiviral Therapy 14 (7), 975-984
Matthews PC, Leslie AJ, Katzourakis A, Crawford H, Payne R, Prendergast A, Power K, Kelleher AD, Klenerman P, Carlson J, Heckerman D, Nudng’u T, Walker BD, Allen TM, Pybus OG, Goulder PJ. (2009). HLA footprints on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 are associated with interclade polymorphisms and intraclade phylogenetic clustering. Journal of Virology 83: 4605-4615.
Switzer WM, Salemi M, Qari SH, Jia H, Gray RR, Katzourakis A, Marriott SJ, Pryor KN, Wolfe ND, Burke DS, Folks TM, Heneine W. (2009). Ancient, independent evolution and distinct molecular features of the novel human T-lymphotropic virus type 4. Retrovirology 6:9.
Keckesova Z, Ylinen LMJ, Towers GJ, Gifford RJ, Katzourakis A. (2009). Identification of a RELIK orthologue in the genome of the European hare (Lepus Europaeus) reveals a minimum age of 12 million years for the lagomorph lentiviruses. Virology 384: 7-11.
Gifford RJ $, Katzourakis A$, Tristem M, Pybus OG, Winters M, Shafer RW. (2008). A transitional endogenous lentivirus from the genome of a basal primate and implications for lentivirus evolution. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 105: 20362-20367. (Associated commentary in PNAS by Welkin Johnson). ($ indicates equal contributions).
Armitage AE, Katzourakis A, de Oliveira T, Welch JJ, Belshaw R, Bishop KN, Kramer B, McMichael AJ, Rambaut A, Iversen AKN. (2008). Conserved footprints of APOBEC3G on hypermutated HIV-1 and HERV-K(HML2) sequences. Journal of Virology 82: 8743-8761.
Katzourakis A, Pereira V, Tristem M. (2007). Effects of recombination rate on human endogenous retrovirus fixation and persistence. Journal of Virology 81: 10712-10717. (Selected by Faculty of 1000).
Belshaw R, Watson J, Katzourakis A, Howe A, Woolven-Allen J, Burt A, Tristem M. (2007). Rate of recombinational deletion among human endogenous retroviruses. Journal of Virology 81: 9437-9442.
Katzourakis A, Tristem M, Pybus OG, Gifford RJ. (2007). Discovery and analysis of the first endogenous lentivirus. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 104: 6261-6265. (Associated commentary in PNAS, Science News Magazine, and Selected by Faculty of 1000).
Katzourakis A, Rambaut A, Pybus OG. (2005). The evolutionary dynamics of endogenous retroviruses. Trends in Microbiology 13: 463-468.
Belshaw R, Katzourakis A, Paces J, Burt A, Tristem M. (2005). High copy number in human endogenous retrovirus families is associated with copying mechanisms in addition to re-infection. Molecular Biology and Evolution 22: 814-817.
Belshaw R, Katzourakis A. (2005). BlastAlign: a program that uses blast to align problematic nucleotide sequences. Bioinformatics 21 (1): 122-123.
Katzourakis A, Tristem M. (2005). Phylogeny of human endogenous and exogenous retroviruses. In: Retroviruses and primate genome evolution (E. D. Sverdlov, ed.). 186-203.
Belshaw R, Pereira V, Katzourakis A, Talbot G, Paces J, Burt A, Tristem M. (2004). Long-term reinfection of the human genome by endogenous retroviruses. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 101: 4894-4899.
Purvis A, Katzourakis A, Agapow PM. (2002). Evaluating phylogenetic tree shape: Two modifications to Fusco & Cronk’s method. Journal of Theoretical Biology 214 (1): 99-103.
Katzourakis A, Purvis A, Azmeh S, Rotheray G, Gilbert F. (2001). Macroevolution of hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae): the effect of using higher taxa in studies of biodiversity, and correlates of species richness. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 14: 219-227.